Transaction Lifecycle

A transaction routed through INVSBL moves from initiation to on-chain settlement without exposing sender, receiver, or transaction context, while remaining valid and final on the underlying blockchain.

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1. Transaction Flow Diagram

1. Enter Privacy Layer
   ↓
2. Generate Ephemeral Address
   ↓
3. Seal Transfer
   ↓
4. Distribute Privately
   ↓
5. Anonymous Claim
   ↓
6. Exit to Blockchain

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2. Entering the Private Layer

A private transaction begins when assets are routed through INVSBL and validated without exposing transaction details.

2.1 What Happens

Action	Result
Cryptographic ownership	Ownership of the assets is enforced cryptographically
Reference removal	Public references to the sender's wallet are removed
Transaction isolation	Transaction is no longer linkable to prior on-chain activity

2.2 Key Transition

From this point forward, all execution occurs without exposing transaction metadata to the public ledger.

2.3 Visibility Change

Before entering privacy layer:
✓ Visible on blockchain
✓ Linked to wallet address
✓ Part of transaction history

After entering privacy layer:
✗ Not visible publicly
✗ No wallet linkage
✗ Isolated from history

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3. Ephemeral Address Generation

For each private transaction, INVSBL generates a one-time ephemeral keypair. This keypair exists only for the duration of the transaction and is never reused.

3.1 Design Guarantees

Property	Implementation
No address reuse	Each transaction uses a unique, one-time address
No persistent identifiers	No identifiers are tied to users across transactions
No transaction continuity	No connections between transactions that could form a graph

Repeated usage of the protocol does not create patterns that can be analyzed or clustered.

3.2 Address Lifecycle

Transaction 1: Address A (used once, then discarded)
Transaction 2: Address B (used once, then discarded)
Transaction 3: Address C (used once, then discarded)

No link between A, B, and C
No way to determine they're from the same user

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4. Transfer Sealing

Once the details are set, the transfer is packaged into a payment artifact used to authorize and complete the transaction.

4.1 What's Included

The sealed artifact includes:

Component	Purpose
Cryptographic proof	Proof of authorization to spend
Claim conditions	Explicit conditions for the recipient to claim funds

4.2 What's NOT Included

The artifact does NOT include:

• Wallet addresses

• Identifiers

• Linkable metadata

• Transaction history

• Balance information

4.3 Security Property

The sealed transfer can be safely shared without compromising privacy.

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5. Private Distribution

The encrypted payment artifact can be distributed through any communication channel.

5.1 Supported Channels

Channel Type	Examples
Messaging platforms	Telegram, Signal, WhatsApp, Discord
APIs	Programmatic distribution via REST/GraphQL
Automated systems	Batch payments, recurring transfers, application integrations
Any method	Email, QR codes, links, etc.

5.2 Channel Independence

The way a payment is shared does not change its privacy.

5.3 Security Guarantee

Even if the artifact is:

• Intercepted

• Publicly shared

• Analyzed

It cannot be used to infer:

• Identities

• Balances

• Transaction relationships

• Historical activity

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6. Anonymous Claim

The recipient completes the transaction by claiming the funds using the sealed artifact.

6.1 Claim Properties

At claim time:

Property	Protection
Wallet identity	The recipient does not reveal their wallet identity
Sender-receiver link	No cryptographic link is created between sender and receiver
Transaction correlation	The claim cannot be correlated with other transactions

6.2 Privacy Preservation

The claim process preserves anonymity on both sides of the transaction.

6.3 What's Protected

Sender privacy:
✓ Identity hidden
✓ Balance hidden
✓ History hidden

Recipient privacy:
✓ Identity hidden
✓ Balance hidden
✓ History hidden

Relationship privacy:
✓ Connection hidden
✓ Cannot be linked
✓ No future correlation

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7. Exit Without Trace

After a successful claim, assets exit the privacy layer and settle on the base blockchain.

7.1 What Happens at Exit

Stage	Result
Asset reappearance	Assets are received as standard SPL tokens on Solana or standard ERC-20 tokens on EVM networks.
No linkage	No cryptographic linkage exists between the exit and the original sender
No trail	No historical trail can be reconstructed

7.2 Blockchain Perspective

From the perspective of the blockchain:

• ✓ Transaction is valid

• ✓ Transaction is final

• ✗ Origin is undiscoverable

• ✗ Path is unknowable

7.3 Complete Privacy

The transaction's origin and path remain permanently undiscoverable.

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8. Complete Lifecycle Summary

Stage	What Happens	Privacy Status
1. Enter	Assets move into privacy layer	Sender history severed
2. Generate	Ephemeral address created	No persistent identifier
3. Seal	Transaction encrypted in artifact	Safe to share publicly
4. Distribute	Artifact shared via any channel	Channel doesn't matter
5. Claim	Recipient claims funds anonymously	Both parties protected
6. Exit	Assets settle on blockchain	No trace to origin

8.1 Consistent Execution

Property	Status at Every Stage
Sender anonymity	✓ Protected throughout
Receiver anonymity	✓ Protected throughout
Amount confidentiality	✓ Protected throughout
Relationship privacy	✓ Protected throughout
Historical isolation	✓ Protected throughout

8.2 What Never Gets Exposed

Throughout the entire lifecycle, the following remain hidden:

• Sender identity

• Receiver identity

• Transaction amount

• Transaction relationships

• Historical context

• Future connections

8.3 What Always Gets Preserved

Throughout the entire lifecycle, the following are guaranteed:

• Transaction correctness

• Asset security

• Settlement finality

• Network consensus

• Blockchain validity

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9. Timeline Example

T0: User initiates private transfer of 100 USDC
    → Assets enter privacy layer
    → Public link to wallet removed

T1: Ephemeral address generated (0x1a2b3c...)
    → One-time use only
    → Never reused

T2: Transfer sealed into encrypted artifact
    → Contains proof + claim conditions
    → No identifiable information

T3: Artifact shared via Telegram
    → Recipient receives link
    → Link reveals nothing about sender

T4: Recipient claims funds
    → Uses their own wallet
    → No connection to sender created

T5: 100 USDC appears in recipient's wallet
    → Standard SPL tokens
    → No trace to original sender
    → Transaction complete and final

Total elapsed time: < 1 minute

Privacy: Complete and permanent